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FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Look here for answers to some frequently asked questions. If you can't find an answer to your question here, please e-mail us at support@castlecreations.com or give us a call at (913) 390-6939.

ORDERING INFORMATION:

1. Where can I buy Castle Creations' products?

2. Can I return my Castle Creations product for a refund?


WARRANTY & REPAIR INFORMATION

1. What is the warranty period on Castle Creations products?

2. Can my Castle Creations speed control be repaired?

3. If my Castle Creations product needs to be repaired, and it is no longer under warranty, how much will it cost?

4. Can I return my Castle Creations product for a refund?

5. I own an older version Castle Creations product. Can it be upgraded to the current version?


PRODUCT INFORMATION

All ESCs

1. Why is it the more batteries I use, the less servos the BEC can handle?

2. When I get to full throttle, my ESC cuts power to the motor. I have to throttle off then back on to get the motor to start, but it cuts off again at full throttle. Why is that?

3. What does PWM frequency mean?


Castle Link (formerly PHX-Link)

1. How do I tell if my Phoenix controller is compatible with the Castle Link USB device?

2. Can I use the Castle Link on my brushed Castle Creations Controllers?

3. Will the Castle Link software work on a Macintosh computer?

4. What are the system requirements for the Castle Link to work on a PC?

5. I downloaded the Castle Link software and when I try to install it I get a message saying that Windows doesn't know what to do with a ".msi" file (should only occur in Windows 98SE and Windows ME). What should I do?

6. Why do you keep updating the software for my Phoenix controllers? Can't you just get it right once and for all?

7. I notice some of the Castle Link software on your website is labelled "Beta". What does this mean?

8. I'm getting error messages during or after installation of the Castle Link software. How do I fix this?


Mamba 18th Scale Brushless Controller

1. My Mamba 1/18th scale system seems like it has turbo lag where it takes awhile to get going, the takes off. Why is that?

2. My Competition X Mamba system in my Mini-T keeps flipping the truck over if I give it too much throttle. When I can keep it rubber side down, it's so fast that I keep hitting things.


Mamba Max 10th Scale Power System

1. Which system do I need?

2. I bought the XXXX kv system and it's way too fast! How do I "tone it down"?

3. Since installing my Mamba Max, I'm having range issues/glitching. What do I do?

4. My ESC may or may not arm, but it will not calibrate to my transmitter.

5. My ESC calibrates for the full throttle and full brake positions, but won't calibrate to the neutral throttle position (yellow LED keeps flashing).

6. My vehicle acts like it has "turbo lag" (poor acceleration/punch for the first few feet or yards, and then it "kicks in").

7. My battery pack is plugged into the ESC, and nothing is working - no steering, and no throttle.

8. Everything acts correctly when I plug in a battery and turn the switch on, but the motor won’t run.

9. I’ve calibrated, but the car goes backwards with forward throttle.

10. All the Nitro guys hate me, my car has scratches on the top from doing wheelies at 45 mph, all my tires are bald and I keep blowing them off the rims. Plus all the neighbor kids come running out of the woodwork to watch every time they hear the Mamba tones, and I can’t stop grinning like a fool every time I squeeze the trigger. What’s wrong?


Berg by Castle Creations Receivers

1. My Berg is marginal or fails in a ground range check. Why is that?

2. What is the function of the LED on my Berg 4?

3. What will I see when the Berg is getting a poor/interfered with signal?

4. How should I use the Fail Safe mode?

5. I have a PCM capable radio, and my Berg is not working with it. What should I do?

6. The crystal in my 4L doesn’t seem secure. Is there a problem?

7. I fly indoors, or in areas that tend to be RF unfriendly. Is this receiver a good choice for me?

8. This receiver is really small. Can I trust it in my large planes?

9. So even the 4L is OK to use with a full load of digital servos?

10. Can I shorten the length of the antenna?

11. Can I use a small Base-loaded antenna if I choose?

12. I’m flying a 4 channel non-electric plane. Where do I plug in my Rx pack?

13. If I’m using the fail safe feature and it engages, am I permanently “locked out”?

14. Is there a warranty policy still in effect for “pre-Castle” Bergs?

15. I’ve had a crash and my Berg is physically damaged. What do I do?


Governor Mode Setup Tips and Troubleshooting

ORDERING INFORMATION
1. Where can I buy Castle Creations' products?

See our Dealers page for a listing of storefront and online retailers.

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2. Can I return my Castle Creations product for a refund?

Refunds will only be issued for products purchased directly from Castle Creations. If you did not purchase your product from Castle Creations, please contact the retailer or dealer that you purchased your product from for information on their return policy.

For products purchased directly from Castle Creations, a request should be submitted via e-mail or phone prior to the return of any product for credit. Return of defective products that are under warranty will be credited in full. Returns for other reasons may be subject to a 10% restocking fee.

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WARRANTY & REPAIR INFORMATION
1. What is the warranty period on Castle Creations products?

Castle Creations provides a one-year warranty from the date of retail sale.

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2. Can my Castle Creations speed control be repaired?

Castle Creations offers a factory repair service to its customers. Don't throw away your old speed control - all Castle Creations products have a core value!

Repairs due to component or workmanship failure and purchased within the one-year warranty period are provided at no charge. Repairs outside the warranty period or repairs that are necessary due to misuse, abuse, neglect, or incorrect wiring will be repaired at the current flat rate repair fee (see schedule below).

Castle Creations reserves the right to repair or replace defective products at it's discretion. Repair and exchange replacements will be for the same or current production model products only. Repair turn-times vary depending on parts availability and technician workload, however, most repairs take only a few days in our repair shop.

To return a product for repair send to:
Castle Creations
235 S. Kansas Avenue
Olathe, KS 66061

Include your original purchase receipt or provide the following:

  • Product(s) being returned
  • Date of purchase
  • Nature of failure and details of your model (prop, cells, motor, etc.)
  • Contact information including name, phone number, and/or e-mail address, and return address
  • Make certain to package your product for safe transport! (We hate to get a little plastic bag from the Post Office with a standard envelope that's been shredded in the mail sorting machinery and an apology from the USPS.)

NOTE: Please do not send anything in for repair other than your controller (such as NiMH/NiCad packs, any Lithium Polymer batteries, servos, gyros, and etc.) unless specifically instructed to do so by our technical support staff.

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3. If my Castle Creations product needs to be repaired, and it is no longer under warranty, how much will it cost?

Flat Rate Repair Fee Schedule
Pixie-Lite Low/High Voltage $15.00 Thunderbird-9 $12.00
Pixie-7 or Pixie-7P $10.00 Thunderbird-18 $15.00
Pixie-14 $15.00 Berg MS-4L Receiver $15.00
Pixie-20P $15.00 Berg MS-4 Receiver $20.00
Sprite-25 or Sprite-XLR $25.00 Berg 7 Channel Receiver $30.00
Pegasus-35P $25.00 Barracuda-80 $55.00
Griffin-40 $25.00 Barracuda-125 $75.00
Griffin-55 $30.00 Mamba-25 $30.00
Dragon-35 $40.00 Mamba-25/CM-20xx $60.00
Dragon-55 $60.00 Mamba-25/CM-2080 $70.00
Phoenix-10 $25.00 CM-2036 Motor $30.00
Phoenix-25 $25.00 CM-2042 Motor $30.00
Phoenix-35 $30.00 CM-2054 Motor $30.00
Phoenix-45 $40.00 CM-2068 Motor $30.00
Phoenix-60 $50.00 CM-2080 Motor $40.00
Phoenix-80/80M $55.00 Mamba Max ESC $50.00
Phoenix-125 $70.00 Mamba Max/CMS36-xxxx Motor $95.00
Phoenix HV-45 $55.00 CMS36-xxxx Motor $45.00
Phoenix HV-85 $70.00 Castle Link $8.00
Phoenix HV-110 $90.00

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4. Can I return my Castle Creations product for a refund?

Refunds will only be issued for products purchased directly from Castle Creations. If you did not purchase your product from Castle Creations, please contact the retailer or dealer that you purchased your product from for information on their return policy.

For products purchased directly from Castle Creations, a request should be submitted via e-mail or phone prior to the return of any product for credit. Return of defective products that are under warranty will be credited in full. Returns for other reasons may be subject to a 10% restocking fee.

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5. I own an older version Castle Creations product.  Can it be upgraded to the current version?

It depends on the nature of the changes and how far out of current revision your product is.  Some minor hardware changes can be implemented.  This is true if the printed circuit board is the same on your product and the version you want to upgrade to.  If, however, it is a major hardware change, for example a completely new printed circuit board, then the hardware change generally cannot be installed. 

Most software improvements can be added to older products. Again, this is usually dictated by whether the printed circuit board is the same in the older and newer version.

Cost of upgrades vary by product and amount of work to be done.  Contact us with specific details on your product to get an estimate of costs.

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PRODUCT INFORMATION
All ESCs
1. Why is it the more batteries I use, the less servos the BEC can handle?

The BEC converts the excess voltage from the power battery down to 5 volts by turning the excess voltage into heat. The higher the power battery voltage is, the more heat the BEC needs to dissipate. Making sure there is airflow over the BEC, which is on the LED side of the controller, helps with BEC heat dissipation and is important to BEC operation. The BEC is thermally protected and will shut down, then immediately come back on without being damaged, if the servo load is too much.

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2. When I get to full throttle, my ESC cuts power to the motor. I have to throttle off then back on to get the motor to start, but it cuts off again at full throttle. Why is that?

The most likely cause of this problem is a lithium polymer battery pack that is not capable of providing the current the motor, gear ratio, and propeller are asking for. Normally the voltage curve for lipo batteries is almost flat, but when overdrawn their voltage will fall below the cut off point before the battery is discharged completely. The solution for this situation is either a higher gear ratio or a smaller prop, which lowers the current draw of the system. Or, if the performance is not wished to be lost, a higher Mah, or more capable brand of lipo pack can be used.

Another less likely cause for premature LVCO is too small or too high a resistance plug between the battery and the ESC. Also make sure the wires on the battery pack are at least the same size as on the ESC.

If the battery pack is up to the task, and the wires and plugs are sized correctly, it is possible that a sudden motor cut off, with the ability to restart by going to the off throttle position, could be caused by the over current protection on that particular controller being too sensitive.

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3. What does PWM frequency mean?

PWM stands for Pulse Width Modulation. The speed controller uses PWM to control the power going to the motor. The controller breaks the current going to the motor into separate pulses that occur about 13,000 times per second. The percentage of the pulse that is on power compared to the part of the pulse that is off power determines how much power the motor sees. An oversimplified example is that if 50% of the pulse is on and 50% is off, the motor sees 50% power. It is important to note that each on phase of the pulse is equal to the full current draw of the motor and prop at full throttle. Thus, the importance of all components in the system be fully capable of extended periods at full throttle.

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Castle Link (previously PHX-Link)
1. How do I tell if my Phoenix controller is compatible with the Castle Link USB device?

Your Phoenix controller must have software version dated August 2003 or later to have the necessary interfaces to the PHX-Link.  If your controller has the Soft Start programmable feature then you have a PHX-Link compatible controller.  If your controller is not August 2003 or later revision then you will need to send your product to our factory for a software update to make it operate with the PHX-Link device.

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2. Can I use the Castle Link on my brushed Castle Creations' Controllers?

No, the microprocessor currently used on the Castle Creations' brushed controllers is not capable of connecting to the Castle Link at this time.

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3. Will the Castle Link work on a Macintosh computer?

Possibly. Quite a few customers have gotten the Link to work on their Mac using PC emulation software (like Microsoft's Virtual PC), and later versions of the Mac OS. However, some have not, and we do not officially support the Castle Link on a Mac at this time.

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4. What are the system requirements for the Castle Link to work on a PC?

The Castle Link will work on almost any PC running Windows 98 SE or later. It will not run on Windows 95 or earlier.

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5. I downloaded the Castle Link software and when I try to install it I get a message saying that Windows doesn't know what to do with a ".msi" file (should only occur in Windows 98SE and Windows ME). What should I do?

You will need to update your Windows program installer. To do this go to this link. Read the directions and download and run the .msi installer. You will now be able to install the Castle Link software.

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6. Why do you keep updating the software for my Phoenix controllers? Can't you just get it right once and for all?

With software updates you can apply new features to your Phoenix ESC without having to buy a new controller or sending it in. We don't believe in planned obsolescence. We are one of the few hi-tech companies that will admit there is no such thing as perfect software. While our code is not perfect, it is better than most and we keep improving it. Also, the motor landscape (brands and types) changes radically every six months or so with new designs, sizes, and requirements for each. We can react quickly to those trends (usually before they come out to the public) and keep every Phoenix controller in up-to-date shape for any motor – regardless of when the controller was made.

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7. I notice some of the Castle Link software on your website is labelled "Beta". What does this mean?

We thoroughly test software updates before we release them but there is no way we can test every possible system configuration. A beta release comes with a questionnaire and several follow up e-mails so we can get feedback from beta testers on how the software performs. With this feedback we can fix bugs or other problems before the software in installed on our production ESC’S. If you are curious about beta software but are leery of becoming a tester, rest assured, all beta releases have the ability to be turned back into the last stable release version.

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8. I'm getting error messages during or after installation of the Castle Link software. How do I fix this?

See the Castle Link Software Troubleshooting Guide.

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Mamba 18th Scale Brushless Controller
1. My Mamba 18th scale system seems like it has turbo lag where it takes awhile to get going, the takes off. Why is that?

The most common cause of lag, or lack of initial torque with a Mamba is inadequate batteries and/or inadequate connectors or too small a wire on the battery pack. For a brief period when starting up, the Mamba motor will want to draw almost 100 amps! Resistance from the original connectors, or low discharge performance battery packs will not be able to supply the current for “better than stock” performance. We recommend Deans Ultra plugs between the battery and the ESC, and 16 gauge wire from the battery packs (same size as on the controller). The best NiMH cells are GP1100, regardless of pack manufacturer. There are a lot of 1100mah cells out there that vary widely in capability, but the GP (Gold Peak) cells are by far the best. Right now, Lipo packs also vary widely in discharge ability. Give us a call if you'd like specific lipo pack recommendations for your system and vehicle.

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2. My Competition X Mamba system in my Mini-T keeps flipping the truck over if I give it too much throttle. When I can keep it rubber side down, it's so fast that I keep hitting things. What's going on?

Congratulations! Perfectly working system!

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Mamba Max 10th Scale Power System
1. Which system do I need?

That depends on how many cells, what vehicle, and what track/expectations?

For 6 cells NiMH:
Touring car (Associated TC4, Losi XXXS)
Short technical track - 4600 with good gearing range, or 5700 geared very small
Medium track - 5700 large gear range, 6700/6900 good gear range, 7700 geared small
Large track (nitros top out on the straight) 6700/6900 geared high, 7700 good gear range

2wd Buggy/Truck (Associated T4, B4, Losi XXXT, Duratrax Evader, Traxxas Stampede) and 4wd buggy (Kyosho Lazer, Losi XXX-4)
Short track - 5700, possibly 6900 geared small
Medium track - 6900, possibly 7700 geared small
Large track (nitro trucks topping out) big gear 6900, 7700

Measured speeds with 6 cell NiMH in a stock geared Associated B4 buggy:
4600: 30mph
5700: 35mph
7700: 45mph


On 2s Lipo:
Touring car (Associated TC4, Losi XXXS)
Short technical track - 4600
Medium track - 5700 large gear range, 6700/6900 geared small
Large track (nitros top out on the straight) 6700/6900 and 7700 should have good gear range

2wd Buggy/Truck (Associated T4, B4, Losi XXXT, Duratrax Evader, Traxxas Stampede) and 4wd buggy (Kyosho Lazer, Losi XXX-4)
Short track - 4600 or 5700
Medium track - 5700 or 6900 geared small
Large track (nitro trucks topping out) big gear 6900, small gear 7700

Measured speeds with 2 cell LiPo in a stock geared Associated B4 buggy:
4600: 30mph
5700: 40mph
7700: 50mph


3s Lipo
NOT FOR USE WITH THE 7700 MOTOR
Touring car (Associated TC4, Losi XXXS)
Short technical track - NA
Medium track - 4600 large gear range, maybe 5700 geared small
LARGE track (nitros top out on the straight) 5700 geared up

2wd Buggy/Truck (Associated T4, B4, Losi XXXT, Duratrax Evader, Traxxas Stampede) and 4wd buggy (Kyosho Lazer, Losi XXX-4)
Short track - 4600
Medium track - 5700 small gear
Large track (nitro trucks topping out) big gear 5700

Measured speeds with 3 cell LiPo pack in a stock geared Associated B4 buggy:
4600: 45mph
5700: 60mph

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2. I bought the XXXX kv system and it's way too fast! How do I "tone it down"?

Answer 1: Lowest timing advance, smallest pinion and largest spur gear, and experiment with punch control. Always do these three things FIRST. It's not a good thing to dial down the top throttle endpoint, especially when you can re-gear, or just go down in cell count. The batts, the ESC and the motor will all run hotter than normal in a system with turned down endpoints to slow it down. The ESC is thermally protected, but the batts and motor are NOT.

Answer 2: We're working on RPM limiting, and some other software to soften the extreme nature of the higher Kv systems until the users get used to controlling this much power.

Answer 3: If you owned a Ferrari, would you have to drive it full throttle through your neighborhood? The system is not uncontrollable; your finger just needs time to learn how to control the throttle trigger on a high power setup.

Answer 4: We also have more great tips for slowing the systems down, and generally tuning them to your preference in our Mamba Max Tuning guide.

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3. Since installing my Mamba Max, I'm having range issues/glitching - what do I do?

A high performance brushless system can feed more than twice the power into your car than you’ve ever had, and the more power the system wires carry, the more RF they can broadcast. A standard practice for high performance brushless systems is tightly twisting up or braiding all the power carrying wires (and especially the motor wires). Also make sure to keep the ESC and motor wires as far away from the Rx itself, and especially it's antenna as you can. Shortening the motor wires will not only help keep the car looking tidy, but clean up glitches as well.

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4. My ESC may or may not arm, but it will not calibrate to my transmitter.

Most calibration issues can be solved by settings on the transmitter. Make sure you have both your throttle and brake endpoints (called EPA or ATV on your radio) on the throttle channel out to 100 to 120%. If you have a Futaba or Futaba made transmitter, set the throttle channel to the reversed position.

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5. My ESC calibrates for the full throttle and full brake positions, but won't calibrate to the neutral throttle position (yellow LED keeps flashing).

Try moving the throttle trim one way, then the other (usually towards the throttle side is best). If your transmitter has a 50/50 and 70/30 setting for the throttle, set it for 50/50 and retry calibration.

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6. My vehicle acts like it has "turbo lag" (poor acceleration/punch for the first few feet or yards, and then it "kicks in").

Make sure you're using high quality batteries, and a battery connector capable of high amp flow (40-100Amps). This behavior is very typical of a battery pack that is having difficulty providing the power your vehicle/system requires for top performance. The faster the top speed of the system, and the more traction available, the harder the batteries have to work to accelerate the car.

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7. My battery pack is plugged into the ESC, and nothing is working - no steering, and no throttle.

Make sure the ESC's receiver plug is in channel 2 on the receiver, and that it's plugged in with the correct orientation. Double check your solder connections on the battery plug. Generally if you have no steering with everything plugged in correctly, then your receiver is either not getting power or not getting a signal from your transmitter.

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8. Everything acts correctly when I plug in a battery and turn the switch on, but the motor won’t run.

A battery may be plugged in with a lower voltage than the programmed cutoff voltage in the ESC. Check that the programmed cutoff voltage is correct for the battery you are using.

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9. I’ve calibrated, but the car goes backwards with forward throttle.

Make sure the green LED is showing when you give forward throttle. If it is, then just swap any two of the ESC to motor wires to reverse the rotation direction of the motor.

If the ESC shows the red LED with forward throttle, you will need to reverse your throttle channel on your transmitter (via a micro switch, or within the programming of the radio) and recalibrate.

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10. All the Nitro guys hate me, my car has scratches on the top from doing wheelies at 45 mph, all my tires are bald and I keep blowing them off the rims. Plus all the neighbor kids come running out of the woodwork to watch every time they hear the Mamba tones, and I can’t stop grinning like a fool every time I squeeze the trigger. What’s wrong?

So what is the problem here exactly . . . ?

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Berg by Castle Creations Receivers
1. My Berg is marginal or fails in a ground range check. Why is that?

The Berg Receivers are tuned for maximum range and sensitivity in the air, so if the aircraft is low-sitting, or the antenna is resting on the ground, your antenna down range check may be less than the normal 100’. Have a buddy hold the plane off the ground for you or use a bench to elevate the aircraft slightly and re-check.

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2. What is the function of the LED on my Berg 4?

The LED is a simple signal indicator. When it’s powered up but receiving no signal (Tx not on, or on a different channel) the LED will shine. When it’s getting a good locked-on signal from your Tx the LED is off. During invalid signal events in the course of otherwise normal operation it may blink on momentarily as well.

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3. What will I see when the Berg is getting a poor/interfered with signal?

As you may have seen during your ground range check, when the signal starts to degrade or if there is significant interference present, the servo reaction will start to slow down just before the fail safe engages. In the air, the aircraft may feel “mushy” or slow to respond to inputs just prior to going into fail-safe mode (if it’s programmed to activate fail-safe). In most cases, the parts tolerances and software filtering keeps a solid connection right up until the time fail-safe has to take over.

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4. How should I use the Fail Safe mode?

We recommend you set up your plane’s control inputs to throttle “off”, and then set up the control surfaces for either a gentle turn (neutral elevator and slight rudder for 3 channel models), a spin (partial or full up elevator and partial or full rudder), or a flat spin ( full up elevator, full rudder, and partial opposite aileron) depending on the model and the flying environment.

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5. I have a PCM capable radio and my Berg is not working with it. What should I do?

Make sure you set your transmitter to PPM mode.

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6. The crystal in my 4L doesn’t seem secure. Is there a problem?

No. In order to maximize the light weight and small size of the 4L, the crystal only has the pin sockets themselves to stabilize it. When inserted to it's stops, it is very securely held within the spring-loaded pin contacts inside the socket.

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7. I fly indoors or in areas that tend to be RF unfriendly. Is this receiver a good choice for me?

The Berg receivers are an excellent choice for flying in all conditions and areas, and especially in areas known to pose radio problems. With its “smart” TSR and DSP software filtering, it provides an extra measure of safety by providing you more solid control and noise rejection than other “simple” receiver designs.

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8. This receiver is really small. Can I trust it in my large planes?

Absolutely yes. We designed all our Berg receivers to be full range and fully capable of flying any size plane that you’d like to with them. Being bigger and heavier does not automatically mean better for receivers! Our surface mount construction combined with ultra-tight parts tolerances make for the same solid reliability in any size or style aircraft. Don’t let the size fool you, and let the performance speak for itself!

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9. So even the 4L is OK to use with a full load of digital servos?

Yes. The power bus on the receiver can handle much more than 5A of shorted current across it. This represents about the same as 4 to 5 fully stalled digital servos.

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10. Can I shorten the length of the antenna?

Shortening the antenna reduces both sensitivity (range) and selectivity (ability to sort good signals from bad).

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11. Can I use a small Base-loaded antenna if I choose?

High quality base loaded antennas (Azaar, Lightenna, and others) in most cases will not significantly reduce the sensitivity or selectivity of your Berg receiver.

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12. I’m flying a 4 channel non-electric plane. Where do I plug in my Rx pack?

Use a “Y” harness on any channel and plug the Rx battery into to the extra plug.

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13. If I’m using the fail safe feature and it engages, am I permanently “locked out”?

No. Even when fail safe is engaged, the Berg is still looking for your Tx’s signal. The aircraft will instantly respond to your Tx again once the interference/lost signal event is over.

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14. Is there a warranty policy still in effect for “pre-Castle” Bergs?

Yes, any Berg may be repaired or replaced at no charge within one year of purchase, or repaired or replaced at a flat fee after one year.

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15. I’ve had a crash and my Berg is physically damaged. What do I do?

Like any Castle Creations product, it can be repaired or replaced for a reasonable fee. Contact us for prices and return procedure.

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Governor Mode Setup Tips and Troubleshooting
NOTE: To set up governor mode, you must first make sure your motor/gear/battery setup is optimized. Set your transmitter for a linear throttle and the ESC on the airplane fixed throttle setting. Set your transmitter for zero blade pitch across the throttle channel, and secure the machine. Spin up the machine and tach the head at 25%, 50%, and 75% throttle. Ideally, you want to see your desired (and safe for the machine) headspeed at around 70% throttle. If the headspeed is much faster or slower than your target headspeed when you are at 70% throttle, you will need to gear differently, use a different Kv motor, or a different cell count. When set up in an optimized state as above, you are virtually guaranteed a good performing power system (within the limits of reason of course) and that the governor mode will work it’s best (within the capabilities of the motor) to hold a stable headspeed through all collective inputs and maneuvers.

Once optimized, find the transmitter throttle % that gives you your desired headspeed and use a “straight across” throttle curve with that %. Governor mode is not intended to be used with variable throttle inputs - only use a straight curve. If you find the headspeed is varying slightly in a hover (slight tail wag) try changing the throttle % by one or two %. If the helicopter “bogs” or slows down with heavy collective inputs, you are exceeding the torque capabilities of your motor. Try going down in pinion size, and then up in throttle % to regain the previous headspeed. The higher the headspeed you run, the more power and torque is required from the system to maintain it. You will increase runtime and decrease power system temperature by simply decreasing your headspeed. The tradeoff is with decreased headspeed, the overall sensitivity and responsiveness of the helicopter decreases.

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